1.Ukubaluleka kokushisela ekwenziweni kwensimbi yeshidi
Inqubo yokushisela ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni insimbi yeshidi njengoba idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlanganiseni izingxenye zensimbi ukudala izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi nemikhiqizo.
Nawa amanye amaphuzu agqamisa ukubaluleka kwezinqubo zokushisela kuukwenziwa kwensimbi yeshidi:
1.1. Izingxenye zokujoyina:Ukushisela kubalulekile ekuhlanganiseni izingxenye zensimbi zeshidi ukuze udale izakhiwo ezinkulu ezifanaizindlu, amafreyimu, futhiimihlangano. Idala ukuxhumana okuqinile nokuqinile phakathi kwezingxenye zensimbi, okuvumela ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi esebenzayo.
1.2 Ubuqotho besakhiwo:Ikhwalithi yenqubo ye-welding ithinta ngokuqondile ubuqotho besakhiwo sezingxenye zensimbi zeshidi ezenziwe. I-welding eyenziwe kahle iqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye ezihlanganisiwe zingakwazi ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwemishini, izimo zemvelo nezinye izidingo zokusebenza.
1.3 Ukuguquguquka kwedizayini:I-Welding inikeza ukuguquguquka kwedizayini ekwenziweni kweshidi lensimbi, okuvumela ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zangokwezifiso eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ingakwazi ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezinamajiyometri ayinkimbinkimbi, okuvumela abakhiqizi ukuthi bahlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zedizayini kanye nokucaciswa kokusebenza.
1.4 Ukuhambelana kwezinto:Izinqubo zokushisela zibalulekile ekuhlanganiseni izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto zensimbi, okuhlanganisa insimbi, i-aluminium, insimbi engagqwali, namanye ama-alloys. Lokhu kuguquguquka kuvumela ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo enezinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezibonakalayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinhlelo eziningi zokusebenza zezimboni.
1.5 Ukukhiqiza okungabizi kakhulu:Izinqubo zokushisela ezisebenzayo zisiza ukuthi kube nezindleko zokongaukukhiqizwa kwensimbi yeshidingokunika amandla ukuhlanganiswa okusheshayo nokukhiqizwa kwezingxenye. Inqubo yokushisela ehlelwe kahle ingalula inqubo yokukhiqiza, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise isikhathi sokukhiqiza futhi yehlise izindleko zokukhiqiza zizonke.
1.6 Ukuqinisekisa Ikhwalithi:Inqubo yokushisela ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi nokuthembeka kwemikhiqizo yensimbi yeshidi. Amasu okushisela afanelekile, okuhlanganisa ukuhlola nokuhlola i-weld, abalulekile ekugcineni amazinga aphezulu okusebenza nokusebenza komkhiqizo.
1.7 Izicelo Zomkhakha:I-Welding isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathiezezimoto, i-aerospace, ukwakhiwa kanyeukukhiqiza, laphoizingxenye zensimbi yeshidiziyingxenye ebalulekile yokukhiqizwa kwezimoto, imishini, izakhiwo kanye nezimpahla zabathengi.
Inqubo yokushisela ibalulekile ekwenziweni kweshidi lensimbi njengoba ivumela ukwakhiwa kwemikhiqizo ehlala isikhathi eside, esebenzayo futhi eguquguqukayo. Ngokuqonda ukubaluleka kokushisela nokusebenzisa izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu, abakhiqizi banganikeza izingxenye zensimbi zeshidi ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezingabizi kakhulu, nezithembekile ezinhlotsheni zezicelo.
2. Inqubo yokushisela insimbi yeshidi:
2.1 Ukulungiselela:Isinyathelo sokuqala ekushiseleni insimbi ukulungisa ingaphezulu lensimbi ngokuhlanza nokukhipha noma yikuphi ukungcola okufana namafutha, amafutha, noma ukugqwala. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukushisela okuqinile nokuhlanzekile.
2.2JI-oint Design:Idizayini efanele yokuhlanganisa ibalulekile ekushiseleni okuphumelelayo. Ukucushwa okuhlangene, okuhlanganisa uhlobo oluhlangene (i-lap joint, i-butt joint, njll.) kanye nokuhlanganiswa, kuzothinta inqubo yokushisela kanye namandla okuhlanekezela.
2.3 Izindlela zokushisela:Kunezindlela eziningana ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokushisela i-sheet metal, kuhlanganiseI-TIG(i-tungsten inert gas) ukushisela,I-MIG(i-metal inert gas) ukushisela,ukumelana nendawo welding, njll. Indlela ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nezinselele zayo.
3.Izinselelo ezibhekene nazosheet metal welding:
3.1 Ukuguqulwa:Ukushisa okukhiqizwa phakathi nenqubo yokushisela kungabangela ukuwohloka kwensimbi kanye ne-warping, ikakhulukazi i-aluminium ene-conductivity ephezulu yokushisa. Lokhu kungaholela ekungalungisweni kwe-dimensional futhi kuthinte ikhwalithi iyonke yengxenye.
3.2 Ukuqhekeka:Ngenxa yokwanda okushisayo okushisayo kanye namazinga okufinyezwa kwe-aluminium, ijwayele ukuqhekeka phakathi nenqubo yokushisela. Ukulawulwa okufanele kwemingcele yokushisela kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni imifantu.
4.Lawula ukuhlanekezela futhi ugweme izinkinga zokushisela:
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukuhlanekezela kokushisela, amasu namasu ahlukahlukene angasetshenziswa ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela insimbi. Nazi ezinye izindlela ezibalulekile zokusiza ukulawula nokunciphisa ukuhlanekezela kwe-welding:
4.1 Ukulungisa Okufanelekile:Ukusebenzisa ukulungisa okuphumelelayo kanye namasu okubamba ukuze ubambeumsebenziendaweni ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela kusiza ukunciphisa ukunyakaza nokuguqulwa. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye igcina isimo sayo esihlosiwe kanye nosayizi ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela.
4.2 Ukulandelana kwe-Welding:Ukulawula ukulandelana kwe-welding kubalulekile ekulawuleni ukubola. Ngokuhlela ngokucophelela ukulandelana kwe-welding, okokufaka ukushisa kungasatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ukuhlanekezela okuphelele kwe-workpiece.
4.3 Ukushisa kwangaphambili kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa kwangemva kwe-weld:Ukushisa kuqala i-workpiece ngaphambi kokushisela nokwenza ukwelashwa kokushisa kwangemva kwe-weld kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka okushisayo futhi kunciphise ukuguga. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezifana ne-aluminium ethambekele ekuguqukeni ngesikhathi sokushisela.
4.4 Imingcele ye-Welding:Ukukhetha okulungile nokulawula imingcele yokushisela njengamanje, i-voltage nesivinini sokuhamba kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ukuhlanekezela. Ngokulungiselela lezi zinhlaka, i-welding enhle ingafinyelelwa ngokufakwa kokushisa okuncishisiwe, okusiza ukulawula ukuhlanekezela.
4.5 Ubuchwepheshe bokushisela i-back-step:Ukusebenzisa i-back-step welding technology, lapho i-weld yenziwa khona ngokuphambene ne-weld yokugcina, ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuguqulwa ngokulinganisa imiphumela yokushisa nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka okusele.
4.6 Ukusetshenziswa kwe-jigs ne-fixtures:Ukusebenzisa ama-jig kanye nezakhiwo eziklanyelwe ngqo inqubo yokushisela kusiza ukugcina ukuhleleka okulungile nokuma kwe-workpiece futhi kunciphisa amathuba okuguqulwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela.
4.7 Ukukhetha okubalulekile:Ukukhetha isisekelo esifanelekile sensimbi kanye nezinto zokugcwalisa kuzophinde kuthinte i-welding deformation. Ukufanisa insimbi yokugcwalisa nesisekelo sensimbi nokukhetha izinto ezine-coefficient ephansi yokwandisa okushisayo kungasiza ukunciphisa ukuhlanekezela.
4.8 Ukukhetha inqubo yokushisela:Kuye ngesicelo esithile, ukukhetha inqubo yokushisela efaneleke kakhulu, efana ne-TIG (i-tungsten inert gas) noma i-MIG (i-metal inert gas) yokushisela, kungasiza ukunciphisa ukuhlanekezela ngokulawula okokufaka ukushisa kanye nesivinini sokushisela.
Ngokusebenzisa lawa masu namasu, ukuhlanekezela kokushisela kungancishiswa, ikakhulukazi uma kusetshenzwa ngezinto ezifana ne-aluminium. Ngayinye yalezi zindlela idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni ukuguquguquka nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokushisela.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-24-2024